Ⅰ. Techniques for paralyzing the nostril before balloon dilation catheter

When the PTA balloon dilatation catheter is expanded, pulling up and down, and moving the catheter before expansion, it is easy to cause nasal mucosal pain, sneezing and other discomforts, which affect the intubation process. Therefore, a cotton swab can be dipped in tetracaine for local mucosal anesthesia in the nasal cavity before intubation. However, patients with reduced or missing nasopharyngeal sensation may consider not using anesthesia.

Ⅱ. Combination techniques of the balloon dilation catheter

Active dilation or auxiliary and active dilatation can be used for patients with brainstem injury and cooperating children with cricopharyngeal muscle insufficiency; patients with benign stenosis after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma often use balloon dilatation catheters for passive dilation or active and passive dilation.

In general patients, balloon dilatation catheters can be used for nasal dilation, if patients have disappeared pharyngeal reflexes, the nasal cavity is blocked, damaged, etc., oral dilatation can be used.

Ⅲ. Techniques of balloon dilation catheter in expanding water injection volume

In patients with achalasia of the cricopharyngeal muscle caused by brainstem injury, the amount of water injected into the balloon dilatation catheter is not as much as possible. The standard is that the swallowing action is easy to draw. For patients with weak throat lifts, the operator needs to place the fingers on the hyoid bone. Suggestive or anti-resistance exercises, the balloon dilatation catheter can be combined with swallowing manipulation training, such as the loosening of the balloon dilatation catheter and supraglottic swallowing.

Ⅳ. Dilation techniques of balloon dilatation catheter for tracheostomy patients

If necessary, patients with balloon dilatation catheters should undergo laryngeal endoscopy before dilation to confirm whether there are patients with progressive organic disease, structural abnormalities, edema, etc. of the tongue, soft palate, and throat. If there are the above problems, please treat them in time. When a well-serviced balloon dilatation catheter is expanded, the amount of water injected into the balloon should not be too large.

In summary, in the clinical use of balloon dilatation catheters, the above-described techniques can be used in combination with the techniques for paralyzing the nostril before dilation, combining techniques for dilation, dilation, and water injection, and dilation techniques for patients with tracheostomy.

The well-known balloon dilatation catheter combined with swallowing manipulation will achieve a better curative effect, allowing the majority of patients to resume eating faster, which has great social significance.

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